Overview of Child Abuse - 1989 Words

A 19-year-old new mother, named Sheryl asked her boyfriend to watch her 8-month-old baby while she went shopping. Her boyfriend kindly agreed assuming that the baby would fall asleep, and he would continue watching the game. However like most newborn babies, Sheryl’s child was a little fussy and was crying. That caused Sheryl’s boyfriend to get annoyed and agitated. He went over to the baby, picked him up and shook him hard. When Sheryl came home she found her baby injured, unfortunately what happened to Sheryl’s baby it’s something that happens to many children in America every day. Child abuse is a very serious issue, that I believe has been neglected and we as a society haven’t done enough to protect these children. In this essay I†¦show more content†¦They can also be due to stabbing, kicking, shaking, and chocking. Physical abuse is the most common type of abuse. Physical abuse is very dangerous to newborns and children between the age s 1-5, because at that time children are not fully developed, both physically and mentally. Studies show that some parents’ especially new parents, who don’t want the child, get really frustrated and don’t realize or don’t care to realize, the amount of harm that they are causing. Shaking a child is one of the most common ways, which newborn babies or young children die. Shaking a child can cause brain damage, and internal bleeding. There have been discussions weather spanking is abuse, or just discipline. Many parents, actually about 80% of Americans don’t think there is anything wrong with spanking their children. That they believe, spanking to be an efficient and appropriate way of punishment. However many studies show that spanking isn’t an efficient way to punish a child that it just installs fear, and the child grows up believing that violence is the answer, that it is ok to use physical force when you see fit. Outlawing spanking in the United States would be very beneficial to both parents and children. Firstly it would save the lives of many children each year, but most importantly it would break this vicious cycle between people; this cycle that we as people feel the need to use violence in our daily lives to fix situations. Other countries, have outlawedShow MoreRelatedOverview and Effects of Child Abuse Essay1805 Words   |  8 PagesChild abuse in American today is amongst the most saddened topics of mankind. Many children are subjected to neglect and abuse on a daily basis. The sex and age of child makes no difference when it comes to child abuse.. Boys and girls are equally likely to suffer maltreatment. The problem is how often child abuse goes unreported. Millions of children across the world are abused in some way, whether it is verbal, emotional, physical or sexual. Child abuse has been happening all over the world toRead MoreEffect of Child Abuse in Our Society1405 Words    |  6 Pages EFFECT OF CHILD ABUSE IN OUR SOCIETY INTRODUCTION Child abuse is the physical, sexual, emotional abandonment and/or maltreatment of a child. Child abuse is a latent function of some families that is not intended but happens anyway. Child abuse is often seen differently, depending on various cultures, societies, and groups. We as a society cannot really understand the effect of â€Å"Child Abuse in Our Society† unless we have the grasp knowledge of what child abuse actually is. This paperRead MorePedophilia and Deviant Behavior1695 Words   |  7 Pagespsychologically, and sexually. Many times the direct impact of child sexual abuse is not made manifest until well in to adulthood. Depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, insomnia, alcohol and or drug abuse, hypertension, obesity, sexually transmitted diseases, lack of trust and marital problems are all more frequent in the demographic of adults who were sexually abused or coerced as children (Child Sexual Abuse I: An Overview). Pedophiles were previously known to be organized under aRead MoreChildhood Trauma and the Impact of Adulthood1381 Words   |  6 Pagesmillion of these cases resulting from sexual and/or physical abuse (Perry, 2002). Throughout this review, the author will be taking a closer look at Terr s article, Childhood Trauma: An overview and outline. The author will also discuss the various characteristics of childhood trauma and the effects these factors have on human development in relation to adolescence and adulthood. In the named article, Terr provides a detailed overview of childhood trauma and broadens the understanding of disordersRead MoreSubstance Abuse During Pregnancy?889 Words   |  4 PagesSubstance Abuse During Pregnancy The use of controlled substances throughout pregnancy is a very prevalent issue among society today. Controlled substances have devastating effects on not only the mothers using the substances, but also infants while they are in utero and after they are born. Many infants born to mothers, who are abusing drugs, suffer from life threatening illnesses and are forever affected through adulthood. Specifically, heroin is a common drug form that is often used during pregnancyRead MoreEssay on Child Abuse and Neglect1519 Words   |  7 Pages Many children in the US have to endure child abuse. Most people do not understand the consequences the abused children have to live with for the rest of their lives. Because child abuse is a long-term problem, it impacts not only the child and family, but also the society as a whole. Children who are abused usually end up with self-esteem problems and lose their self-confidence. Therefore, they end up getting addicted to drugs or alcohol, w hich can create problems for their whole communityRead MoreChild Abuse and Later Maladjustment in Adulthood Essay1603 Words   |  7 Pagesearly in their childhood. Abuse can be traumatic for any individual but it is especially troubling when endured at one of the most vulnerable developmental stages of the person’s life. Although intervention has been known to help dramatically, children can be easily manipulated into keeping the abuse a secret. For this reason, an emphasis is placed on the importance of professionals constantly interacting with children, being able to recognize the signs and symptoms of abuse, so that any suspicionsRead MoreCAPA Case Analysis803 Words   |  4 Pagessuited adoptions and to improve foster care for children and permanent placement (Myers, 2008). CAPTA paved the way for all these policies to exist. Social Overview Over history there has been much debate by Americans on the role of the state with children’s well-being. However, The United Nations created the Declaration of the Rights of the Child in 1959, which gave rights to children (Moody, 2015). In the 1960s the civil rights laws were passed. With the passing of the Declaration of Rights of ChildrenRead MoreChild Abuse And The Long Term Effects860 Words   |  4 PagesNoor-ul-haq Syed ENG 1102 Bibliography Question/Introduction â€Å"What is child abuse and how does it effect an individual in long term?† According to ehow.com, child abuse is defined by federal law as, Any recent act or failure to act on the part of a parent or care taker ,which results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sex abuse or exploitation. Child abuse is really a very critical problem in our society because it has long lasting social, mental/ emotional, and physical effectsRead MoreThe Long Term Impact Of Sexual Abuse854 Words   |  4 PagesThe historical overview of child’s childhood had always being depicted as nonexistent. Abuse and neglect were part of their everyday day lives. Children were supposed to be as efficient as an adult but yet were limited to the wants and needs of their parents, as they were view as belonging to them. I was not until recently that the maltreatment towards children was broken down into four categories which are physical abuse, physical neglect, sexual abuse, and emotional neglect. On this paper I will

Mgt 401 Week 2 - 1447 Words

Good title page! Business Model Comparison Team A – Kristen Taylor, Velma Mobley, Aaron Ford, Courtney Uchiyama July 8, 2013 MGT/401 Tricia Rosengarten Business Model Comparison Most small businesses require some outside funding. Not many entrepreneurs have enough personal capital to open and maintain funding for a business. To attract investors and attain partnerships, a business owner should consider a business model necessary. This paper will compare two restaurant businesses, identify the business model and forms of ownership for each business by completing a Comparison of Business matrix, describe benefits by building a sustainable competitive advantage, and giving advantages and disadvantages of each business†¦show more content†¦Benefits To Building A Competitive Advantage When evaluating the benefits of each business, it is important to consider the size of each business. As an example, both sole proprietorships and partnerships are relatively small in size and may perhaps provide more personalized service to each of their clients. In many businesses, customers appreciate personalized service and may in turn hire small businesses for that service. On the other hand, a larger business, like McDonald’s, typically is composed of more resources and may offer the prospective customer a lower price. Another competitive advantage of a smaller business, like Datillo’s, is the ability to provide customers with a higher level of quality. Because customers of small businesses deal more closely with a ‘tight nit’ group of employees, the quality and service provided to the customer is much greater than a larger corporation composed of numerous locations. Both small and large businesses each have distinct advantages that enable them each to thrive. Although some customers may appreciate the more personalized service of small businesses, others may prefer a lower price and a larger name brand. Make sure paragraphs are a minimum of 3 sentences! Advantages and Disadvantages of Business Ownership McDonald is known for the quality the restaurant serves, and the opportunities the McDonald restaurant offer. McDonalds has beenShow MoreRelatedStarbucks HR Practices2680 Words   |  11 Pages Starbucks HR Practices Vinecia Kakou MGT 555 V Global Human Resources Management July 14, 2014 Introduction Starbucks is a globally recognized coffee and beverage brand that has rapidly made strides into all major markets worldwide. The company has an advantage over its main competitors considering the outstanding teams of employees they have in their corporate offices and in their retail stores. Starbucks is so well known throughout the western hemisphere that it has become a householdRead MoreJob Shadowing a Dentist3438 Words   |  14 Pagesbecome potentially serious. Dentists put in a lot of hard work to do the things that they do. They also go to school for a substantial amount of time to relieve people’s pain. In return, though, they get paid a lot and only have to work 4-6 days per week! Dentists are health professionals who take care of the teeth, gums, and supporting bones of the mouth (Dentist Para 1). The main goal for these professionals is to educate their patients about mouth diseases and teach them the things they need toRead MoreClothes R Us18545 Words   |  75 Pagesimproving store performance. Specifically, Clothes ‘R’ Us wished to fulfill the following performance goals: †¢ †¢ Free up the store manager to work the store instead of the store office Automate cash management to include credit/debit at the store level 2 KEL304 CLOTHES ‘R’ US †¢ †¢ Provide always-on-network connectivity, allowing real-time push/pull polling of store sales and inventory data, ordering, employee time reporting, and payroll processing Allow cross-store inventory checking andRead MoreReport on Employee Absenteeism10010 Words   |  41 Pagesnature. Human resource is an important part of any business and managing them is an important task. Summer training is an integral part of the PGDM and student of Management have to undergo training session in a business organization for 6 weeks to gain practical knowledge in their specialization and to gain some working experience. Our institution has come forward with the opportunity to bridge the gap by imparting modern scientific management principle underlying the concept of the futureRead MoreIntroduction to Materials Management169665 Words   |  679 PagesSingapore Pte. Ltd. Pearson Education Canada, Ltd. Pearson Education—Japan Pearson Education Australia Pty. Limited Pearson Education North Asia Ltd. Pearson Educacià ³n de Mexico, S.A. de C.V. Pearson Education Malaysia Pte. Ltd. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN-13: 978-0-13-233761-8 ISBN-10: 0-13-233761-4 From the Library of Girro@qq.com PREFACE Introduction to Materials Management is an introductory text written for students in community colleges and universities. It is used in technical programsRead MoreOverview of Hrm93778 Words   |  376 PagesHuman Resource Management (MGT501) VU MGT - 501 T his subject/course is designed to teach the basic principles of Human Resource Management (HRM) to diverse audience/students, including those who are studying this as a supporting subject for their bachelor degree program. This course is designed to provide you the foundations of HRM whether you intend to work in HRM or not, most of these elements will affect you at some point in your career. Either you will be working with some organizations

Evolution is a complex process by which organisms change...

Evolution is a complex process by which organisms change over time; it is a process in which traits are passed from one generation to the next (Darwin and Beer 1996:108-139). Evolutionists have tried to explain the loss of functions of different organs, for centuries. The two most prominent scientists that studied evolution were Jean-Baptist Lamarck and Charles Darwin. Lamarck’s theory of inheritance of acquired characters and Darwin’s variational evolution were the most important theories that attempted to explain evolution before the discovery of genes during the beginning of the twentieth century. Over two centuries, Lamarck’s theory of inheritance of acquired characters has been the center of controversy. The loss of the†¦show more content†¦His theory was simple, but the impact it had was immense. Darwin’s theory can be summarized in three words: â€Å"descent with modification† (Darwin 1996:127). He believed that the changes observed in an organism are not the result of an external influence, but rather, changes that resulted from random events. He proposed that beneficial changes for a given species could be passed through generations and those that were deleterious could be eliminated. Darwin called his theory natural selection (Mills 2004:93-103). From an evolutionary perspective, the human appendix is a derivative of the caecum in our primate ancestors. The vestigiality of the human appendix can be explained through Darwin’s theory based on a beneficial change. The change triggered morphological variations in the human appendix, decreasing its size through millions of years to a mere rudiment as it is today (Mills 2004:105-109). If one considered that the human appendix is a derivative of the primitive herbivorous caecum found in our primate ancestors, Darwin’s theory comes to light as the most accepted explanation of the loss in the functionality of the human appendix. As our ancestors starte d incorporating meat to their diet, the function of the appendix was less necessary and an unexpected beneficial change- in this case the lost of its function- was passed on generation after generation. Darwin’s theory of evolution is correct, but the missing explanation in his work is the mechanism of inheritance ofShow MoreRelatedEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution1333 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is Evolution? Evolution is the modification of characteristics of living organisms over generations (StrangeScience.net, 2015); it is the gradual process of development by which the present diversity of living organisms arose from the earliest forms of life, which is believed to have been ongoing for at least the past 3000 million years (Hine, 2004). Common ancestry are groups of living organisms that share the most recent common ancestor, by which scientific evidence proves that all life onRead MoreThe Process Of Evolution And Evolution1679 Words   |  7 PagesBiology April 6th, 2015 The Process of Evolution Evolution is â€Å"the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms during the history of the earth,† Google. Google. Google, n.d. Web. 11 Apr. 2015. Evolution is the reason there is change in the genetic makeup of a population, the reason organisms are linked by common ancestors, and evolution is still happening today because of the constant change in environment. This paper focusesRead MoreDarwin s Theory Of Evolution1620 Words   |  7 Pagestheory of evolution by natural selection through his book called ‘On the Origin of Species’. The book was released in 1859 and it explained the process of how organisms changed over time through the result of changes in heritable physical or behavioural traits. These changes allow an organism to adapt to the environment that it inhabits so that the organism’s chances of survival improve and produce more offspring (Than, 2015). However, biologi cal evolution does not simply mean a change over time. It isRead MoreEvolution Involving Various Stages And One Of Them Were Natural Selection1620 Words   |  7 Pages10/15/2015 Question 2 Evolution involving various stages and one of them was natural selection. There are numerous examples that are evidence enough of the process of evolution by natural selection. Out of those various examples, I found two of them useful in my comprehension of how natural selection works. These are a creation of pressure by limited resources and adaptation. During the evolution process by natural selection, the limited amount of resources that existed during that time greatly contributedRead MoreWill the Earliest Hominid Please Standup?: Evoultion Exposed Essay1317 Words   |  6 PagesHominid Please Stand Up? Evolution Exposed Evolution and religion has been a disputable discussion over the decades. Religious believers simply discarded the idea that humans have came from swinging monkeys. Although it is a scientific theory, it is backed up by the heavy weight of scientific evidence. The first thing that one might consider is that religion is composed by thousands of individual memes, which supports myths, moralities, and complex ideas or memeplexes, which will never guarantee itsRead MoreThe Inner Workings Of Evolution And Natural Selection843 Words   |  4 PagesEvidence Investigate the inner workings of pluricellular evolution, cell shape and function, as well as how cells survive and multiply. This is an essential question to consider and elaborate on when trying to prove the topic of evolution. Evolution will be proven hereby by elaborating on the inner workings of the Endosymbiotic theory, Multicellular evolution and Natural selection, along with Cell specialization, replacement and Differentiation. The Endosymbiotic theory is an assumption basedRead MoreOrigin Of Life On Earth And How Biological Populations Have Changed And Developed Over Successive Generations1635 Words   |  7 Pages The theory of evolution discusses, with considerable proof, the history of life on earth and how biological populations have changed and developed over successive generations. Despite the abundance of evidence for evolution, both scientific and physical, some still doubt the validity of this theory. However, once compared with the alternative theory of creation, it is apparent that evolution is the most probable explanation for the origin of life on earth, to date. This essay will explain a handfulRead MoreEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution1110 Words   |  5 PagesEvolution What is evolution? How did life even come about? People really ask this questions not knowing how this thing called life came about. With this being said this is where we come back to the question of what is evolution. Evolution the process in which life undergo changes over time. Also where organisms are transformed or adjust into something different in order to cope with different surrounding changes. Just like anything else there is more to evolution than just a change over time thereRead MoreEvolution And Evolution Of Evolution1337 Words   |  6 Pagesaround, which creates a unique perspective for Anthropologists. Physically and culturally, Anthropologists work to gather data through various subfields within Anthropology to adapt to the human species. Evolution would be defined as when â€Å"something† can develop from something that is simplistic to something that can adapt to the world around it and is more complex. All human beings in past and present as well as all living organisms have been part of a process of Evolution. Evolution can beRead MoreThe Proces of Evolution653 Words   |  3 PagesWithout evolution, and the constant ever changing environment, the complexity of living organisms would not be as it is. Evolution is defined as a process that results in heritable changes in a population spread over many generations (8).Scientists believe in the theory of evolution. This belief is based on scientific evidence that corroborates the theory of evolution. In Figure 1 the pictures of the skulls depict the sequence of the evolution of Homo-sapiens. As the figure shows, man has evolved

For the Years 1880-1925, Analyze Both the Tensions...

Immigration in the United States is a complex demographic activity that has been a major contribution to population growth and cultural change throughout much of the nations history. The many aspects of immigration have controversy in economic benefits, jobs for non-immigrants, settlement patterns, crime, and even voting behavior. Congress has passed many laws that have to do with immigrants especially in the 19th century such as the Naturalization Act of 1870, and the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1882, or even the Immigration Act of 1903 all to insure specific laws and boundaries set on immigrants. The life of immigrants has been drastically changed throughout the years of 1880-1925 through aspects such as immigrants taking non-immigrants†¦show more content†¦And demanding no oppressive taxes, and no tyrants; an economy where the immigrants are allowed to just come over to America and gain a job not problem. The immigrants imagined a world where they could get free education, a nd free land to start their life in the nation (Document A). As leaders of this nation began to see the excessive outrage of many non-immigrants, they began to do something about the filtration process of the new immigrants coming over. Many new tests were formed in order to secure the amount of jobs being taken by Southern and Eastern Europeans. These tests included literacy tests, and simple health tests to test for mental illness, insanity, etc. In the end the new filtration laws were only letting about 37% of all immigrants into the United States (Document H). Many Americans responded well to these new laws, because they did not want insane, or illiterate, or mentally handicapped people taking over their jobs and taking their wages. Finally, there was much arguing about the immigrants that were allowed in, and the types of immigrants that were allowed in. This controversy laid within the foreign policies of America and its surrounding nations. In a highly xenophobic society, Ame ricans were extremely racist, especially against the Japanese. For the longest time, Japanese were not allowed in the work force of America, let alone America. The new laws that were created didShow MoreRelatedApush Dbqs Essay2248 Words   |  9 Pages2011 DBQ: (Form A) 1. Analyze the international and domestic challenges the United States faced between 1968 and 1974, and evaluate how President Richard Nixon’s administration responded to them. (Form B) 1. Explain the ways that participation in political campaigns and elections in the United States changed between 1815 and 1840, and analyze forces and events that led to these changes. 2010 DBQ: (Form A) 1. In what ways did ideas and values held by Puritans influence the politicalRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesD421.E77 2010 909.82—dc22 2009052961 The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1992 Printed in the United States of America 2 4 6 8 9 7 5 3 1 C ONTENTS Introduction Michael Adas 1 1 World Migration in the Long Twentieth Century †¢ Jose C. Moya and Adam McKeown 9 †¢ 2 Twentieth-Century Urbanization: In Search of an Urban Paradigm

Organizational Development

Question: Define and discuss importance of organization culture. Answer: Definition and discussion the importance of organization culture: Organization culture can be defined as a system for sharing values and assumptions that preside over peoples behaviour in the organization. These shared values have a strong influence on an employee in the organization. Moreover, the organization culture depends on different characteristics of the business including innovation, attention to details, emphasis on employee, teamwork, aggressiveness and stability[1]. Among these factors of the business, the organization must focus on innovation and teamwork. Through the engagement of innovative approach, the organization can experience the profitable outcome in the business. On the other hand, the organizational culture indicates the values and behaviours contributing to the unique social and psychological environment of an organization. Most of the business analysts have discussed that organizational culture includes the experiences and expectations that enable the business to uphold an enhanced workflow design at the workplace[2]. The organizational culture is based on the beliefs and customs that have been developed over time and are considered valid. Most of the time, the organizational culture is shown in the ways the organization conducts its business in the global platform. In the modern world of business, the organizational culture facilitates to identify the process of committing employees collective objectives[3]. By discussing the importance of organizational culture, it can be assessed that every organization has its culture. The organization culture facilitates the employees to enhance individual skills in an efficient manner. The importance of the organization culture depends on various factors including unity, loyalty, competition, direction, and identity[4]. Unity: Most business analysts have highlighted the fact that a shared organizational culture facilitates to unit employees of large demographic markets. Many employees come to the organization from the different backgrounds, traditions and families[5]. Hence, the shared organizational culture provides a sense of unity and understanding for promoting enhanced communication and less conflict. On the other, hand, the organizational culture promotes equality at the workplace by ensuring each employee is treated equally. Loyalty: Organizational culture facilitates the employees for being motivated and provides enhanced performance in the business. Consequently, it contributes to enhancing the business opportunity in the global platform. It has been seen that employee provides good performance when the organization considers them as an integral part of the business. The employee feels a higher sense of accomplishment for being the part of the business[6]. It also encourages the employees to enhance the productivity of the business in an effective way. Competition: Healthy competition among employee indicates one of the major characteristics in enhancing the business productivity. With the involvement of the internal competition, the employee could enhance their individual performance in an efficient manner[7]. Directions: Guidelines indicate the culture of the organization. It provides the employee a sense of direction and expectations, which keeps employees on task. The directional moves indicate the roles and responsibilities of an employee in the organization. Moreover, it facilitates the employee to accomplish work within the deadline. Identity: Organizations culture establishes its identity in the marketplace. Most of the time, the organization tries to develop its brand identity for entering into the global market. In recent years, organizations enhance its brand image by contributing its values and beliefs[8]. Figure 1: Importance of Organizational Culture (Source: [9]) By analysing the importance of organization culture, it can be assessed that the culture decides the way of interaction among employees at the workplace. Healthy work culture always encourages the employees for staying motivated and loyal towards the management[10]. On the other hand, the organizational culture facilitates in promoting the healthy competition at the workplace, which is responsible for enhancing the business opportunity in the global market[11]. Among all beneficial aspects, brand image enhancement is one of the major outcomes of the organizational culture. In a competitive business world, most of the organizations have been trying to identify the rationale of the existing culture lies within the business[12]. It facilitates to implement improvisations in the organizational culture in an effective manner. [1] B Acevedo, "Visual culture in organizations: Theory and cases", inCulture and Organization, vol. 18, 2012, 337-340. [2] B Acevedo S Warren, "Vision in organization studies", inCulture and Organization, vol. 18, 2012, 277-284. [3] D Anderson,Cases and exercises in organization development change, in , Los Angeles, Sage, 2012. [4] D Anderson,Organization development, in , Thousand Oaks, Calif., Sage Publications, 2012. [5] L Balafoutas, R Kerschbamer M Sutter, "Distributional preferences and competitive behavior", inJournal of Economic Behavior Organization, vol. 83, 2012, 125-135. [6] J Brewis M zbilgin, "Recovery and organization: A special issue of Culture and Organization Volume 19, number 5, 2013", inCulture and Organization, vol. 18, 2012, 85-86. [7] D Colwill,Educating the scholar practitioner in organization development, in , Charlotte, N.C., Information Age Pub., 2012. [8] T Galpin, J Whittington G Bell,Leading the sustainable organization, in , London, Earthscan, 2012. [9] R Indradevi, "Training as an OD Intervention technique towards Individual Employee Performance", inInnovative Journal of Business and Management, vol. 3, 2014, 23-27. [10] S McShane M Von Glinow,Organizational behavior, in , New York, Irwin/McGraw-Hill, 2012. [11] S Robbins T Judge,Essentials of organizational behavior, in , Upper Saddle River, N.J., Pearson Prentice Hall, 2012. [12] S Rolland,Development at the World Trade Organization, in , Oxford, U.K., Oxford University Press, 2012. References: Acevedo, B S Warren, "Vision in organization studies". inCulture and Organization, 18, 2012, 277-284. Acevedo, B, "Visual culture in organizations: Theory and cases". inCulture and Organization, 18, 2012, 337-340. Anderson, D,Cases and exercises in organization development change. in , Los Angeles, Sage, 2012. Anderson, D,Organization development. in , Thousand Oaks, Calif., Sage Publications, 2012.

Overall Evaluation Plan Formative and Outcome Evaluation

Question: Describe the Overall Evaluation Plan for Formative and Outcome Evaluation. Answer: Introduction Implementation of a marketing plan is the process that translates plans into actions. It is an essential phase and it determines how well the outcomes of the marketing plan will be achieved in a given period of time. Marketing implementation tools will be used to further analyze the context under which the campaigns will be carried in. Also a formative evaluation will be conducted to ensure that the implementation process is carried out as planned. This will enable the campaign to be developed on sound basis that are supported by evidence. The marketing plan is aimed at developing a campaign that will inform, prevent and treat pregnant women in Africa against malaria infections. Malaria is a disease transmitted by a female mosquito (anopheles) and causes vomiting, fatigue, fever and headache human beings .Pregnant women are vulnerable to the disease. The disease can be reduced by avoiding mosquito bite by human beings sleeping under mosquito nets and use of insect repellent. Infectio ns can also be reduced by practicing control measures such as draining stagnant waters and spraying insecticides. This paper will discuss the tools, barriers, timeline and a formative evaluation that will help in understanding how to effectively implement research findings as I undertake my campaign in order to improve the quality of health care (McCormack B and Harvey G., 2002). Tools to be used in the Implementation of the Market Plan SWOT Analysis: This tool will be used to analyze the campaign program strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and treats. It will indicate core competences that are available and weaknesses to minimize in the implementation process. It is by this analysis that I will be able to place the campaign into context and institute effective administration. PESTEL Analysis: This tool will analyze the political, economical, social, technological and legal environment to enable effective implementation of the marketing plan .This analysis will focus on the external environment and ensure that the marketing campaign is tailored according to avoid market failure. Value proposition Analysis. This analysis will focus on analyzing the benefits that the campaign program will have to the segmented audience. It will Balanced Scorecard: This tool will be used to monitor the implementation and effectiveness of a marketing plan. It will enable the administration of the marketing campaign to track progress to ensure goals and objectives are achieved (Robert and David, 1996). Competitive Analysis: This tool will involve analysis of similar campaign events .This includes demographics, number of attendance and strategies. By applying this tool, the campaign program will be able to be more effective by avoiding loopholes experienced by past campaigns and provide better health care to the target audience. Formative Evaluation Formative evaluation is an evaluation that is done before or in the process of implementing a marketing plan with an objective of improving campaign design to reaching more target audiences and accomplishing the intended result. Formative evaluation research will be used in this implementation process to refine campaign planning steps, getting up to date and accurate information (Bhola HS., 1990). These stages are developmental, interpretive evaluation, process focused and implementation-focused. Developmental Evaluation This will be the first stage of the campaign evaluation and will involve diagnostic analysis of the implementation of the plan. It will entail enhancing likelihood of success of the campaign in African .Data collection will be based on determinants of current practice, potential barriers and facilitators of change, actual degree of less best practices and strategy feasibility. It is within this stage that I will consider the perceived utility by the targeted audience in increase the chances of likelihood of success of my campaign against malaria in Africa (Luther SL et al, 2002). Implementation Focused Evaluation It will involve analysis of mismatch between the marketing plan and the operations. It will occur throughout the implementation of the marketing plan. It will be useful in identifying the influences that are not highlighted in the developmental activity of formative evaluation. According to Bradley et al (2001), it is important when implementing a plan to focus on the dynamic context throughout the process within which change is taking place. Implementation focused formative data will enable better understanding of barriers to achievements of the predetermined goals. Progress Focused Evaluation This stage will mainly focus on monitoring impacts of adopting practice change and the progress toward the marketing plans goal. It will occur during the implementation of the campaign strategies. This evaluation will use data on dose and intensity of the infection. In case of any undesirable condition, interventions can be used to remedy the situation. Krumholz et al (2002) suggested that waiting for the process of implementation to be completed to assess result will hide important information that can be used to optimize the plan goals. Interpretive Evaluation This stage will use the information from all other stages. Data from this stage will be used to provide explanation of the final result of the implementation process .It will analyze the impact of the campaign, clarity of success of the implementation process and finally the other interrelated impacts of the plan (Hulsher et al, 2002). In this stage, all key stakeholders will be required to give experiences of the program .The stakeholders will be asked about their perception on the campaign and their contribution to the success practice change (Nazareth et al, 2002). Potential Barriers in the implementation process Poor infrastructure: lack or inadequate of basic facilities in the communities will limit the program from reaching the target audience in African which is a developing continent Language barrier: Africans speak different languages and a big percentage is not education. This will inhabit spread of information across the target audience. Resources: The implementation of the marketing program will require a lot of resources to be effectively implemented. Inadequate resources will lead to poor implantation of the program since it will involve wide area coverage. External factors: These include customs, cultures and religious beliefs that are primitive to slow the adoption of the modern treatments and practices. Timeline The timeline for the campaign will be annual i.e. 12 months. The timeline strategy will aggressive promotional activities to ensure that the campaign program will have substantively served it intended objectives. Every object will have a maximum of four activities to ensure completion within the specified time schedule. Conclusion In conclusion, Implementation tools are essential in the process and will enable implementation of an evidence supported practices in the execution of the marketing plan. A formative evaluation research will bring success and interpretation of results achieved from the implementation of the plan. A Formative evaluation will save time and frustrations in the implementation process. The barriers outlined in this paper will be handled prior to the implementation of the program. Therefore, implementation tools and formative evaluation will be part of my marketing plan for the campaign against malaria in Africa. References Bhola HS.(1990). Evaluating Literacy for Development projects, programs and Campaigns: Evaluating Planning, Design and Implementation, and utilization of Evaluation Results. Hamburg, Germany: UNESCO Institute for Education. Bradley E, Holmboe E, Mattera J (2001). A qualitative study of increasing b-blocker use after mycocardial infarction: Why some hospitals succeed? J Am Med Assoc. Stetler C. (2003). The role of the organization in translating research into evidence based practice. Outcomes Manag Nurs Practice. Pg 97-103. 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